by Gwen Rizzo

It seems like every few years there is a team with a grossly under-handicapped player, often referred to as a “ringer.” A ringer is generally identified when the team seems to be winning more than its fair share of games. Once this occurs, the opposing teams start crying foul play and usually look to the USPA to do something about it.

The USPA has tried its best to eliminate the ringer. Until 2005 players were generally handicapped once per year. (In truth, the USPA reserves the right to change a player’s handicap at any time). But, when a player improves quickly and becomes worth two goals more than his handicap, the USPA can step in to immediately level the playing field for everyone by invoking the “monster rule” and raising the player’s handicap to match his playing ability.

In fact, according to USPA Executive Director Peter Rizzo (my husband), there is no such thing as a monster rule, per se. “The so-called monster rule was always a guideline used by the Handicap Committee for any handicap change request that did not occur during the endof- the-year handicap evaluations. The handicap guidelines were established to inform both the Handicap Committee as well as the registered players about the handicap process. The guidelines basically say players are entitled to a handicap for a year, but if a player is worth a goal [more than his handicap], that player needs to be re-handicapped. The word ‘monster’ means that a grossly under-handicapped player can be considered a monstrosity.”

Beginning this past spring, players’ handicaps are now evaluated twice a year and become effective July 1 and January 1. Though some players don’t like the twice-ayear handicapping because they say it makes it difficult to plan their next season without knowing if they will keep the same rating, some believe it will be a benefit to those players whose handicap doesn’t match their ability because it can be changed sooner.

In almost every case of a player having the monster rule invoked, the player was young and often just a teenager. This leads critics to say we should protect our young players and give them a chance.

According to Memo Gracida, whose son’s handicap was raised under the monster-rule: “You are asking them too much. It is just like a green horse, and the answer to that is the Handicap Committee. They have to have knowledgeable people that are out of the loop and are willing to accept mistakes. They don’t accept mistakes. …”

Others believe a player’s organization, horses and job situation should be considered. According to Rizzo: “The handicap committee looks at a variety of factors during the handicap process. A player’s ability is certainly based on horses, level of competition and is also measured against other players at or near that player’s handicap.”

In almost all the cases, a player gets on the radar screen because he is competing in high-goal polo, where it is extremely costly to compete and the stakes are much higher. In some cases, if a player’s handicap is raised under the monster rule and his new handicap pushes his team’s handicap above the tournament’s upper limit, the team has to reorganize to fit within the tournament level unless they are granted an exception and the team agrees to give the handicap differential to opposing teams. This is only true if the tournament has officially begun before the monster rule was invoked, and it is up to the team to decide if they would rather replace a player. Sometimes, players lose opportunities to play and that may mean losing a paycheck.

“The USPA is not in the business of providing polo-playing jobs, especially concerning if a player will get a job based on his or her handicap level,” Rizzo says. “Handicaps are assigned to make the games more competitive and level the playing field for teams. No one wants to play against under-handicapped players, and no one but the under-handicapped professional benefits from being under-handicapped. The Handicap Committee does an amazingly good job of awarding nearly 4,000 handicaps per year, but sometimes players, particularly younger ones, outgrow their handicaps before the system can catch them and properly rate them. … The USPA should protect [its younger players] by having them fairly handicapped. Being under-handicapped is not fair to the other players and weakens the tournament system in this country.”

If the USPA were to decide to give a player a break so he won’t lose a playing opportunity, where would it stop? Dropping a 7-goal player, worth at least 7 goals, to 6 goals would likely give him more job offers, too. According to some, if the USPA wants to help the sport, why not protect the sponsors who have to play against ringers? The only way to be fair is for the USPA Handicap Committee to base handicaps on players’ abilities. If a player thinks he is truly not playing as well as his handicap, he can request the Handicap Committee consider dropping his handicap.

Looking at some of the players whose handicaps have been raised under the monster-rule, in all but one case the players have not only maintained their new handicap but have had it raised since. And in nearly all the cases, the player admitted he was playing as well as his new handicap but thought he should have been given more time before his handicap was raised. Still, they all agreed that playing against a grossly-underrated player isn’t fair.

According to Martin Ravina, who was recently raised, “I understand people who spend millions of dollars on horses, organization, hiring players and they lose by a lot. … If I were one of those guys I would be mad, [but] at the same time they have to understand I came [to Florida] myself. I’ve always been on my own. I never had a sponsor, nobody to pay my bills. This is my job. This is what I do. Without polo I don’t know what to do. Maybe these guys do it for fun, and their job is something totally different, but I don’t want to lose my job. I understand their position and they are right, but they have to understand my position.”

Ravina was thrown into the spotlight when he played for White Birch in the U.S. Open. When asked if he regrets having played, he said: “No, it was the right decision. It helped me a lot because not too many people knew me here. Now, after … what happened with the monster rule … my name was everywhere so people know me now.”

Rizzo says: “The question really is, is the handicap system working as it was meant to? And the answer is yes. Could it be better? Yes, and with two-times-a-year handicapping more players will be handicapped after the winter season. The more we can compare handicaps, the better the system is, but there is always room for improvement.”

Judge for yourself if the monster-rule hurts or helps polo after looking at some of polo’s monsters:

GUILLERMO "SAPO" CASET
8 goals

For 2001, at just 15 years old, Caset was raised from 1 to 3 goals. After, he was offered a chance to play with 10-goaler Memo Gracida on the 22-goal C-Spear team at Palm Beach Polo. The following summer he joined Gracida on the Los Banditos team in the 20-goal Pacific Coast Open. He was named most valuable player in that tournament and was raised at the end of the year to 6 goals.
At the time his father had this to say about his impressive jump from 1 to 6 goals in 14 months: “On one side we are all very proud of him, but on the other side, it is quite difficult. If you play on a 22-goal team, many times you are going to be the second guy on the rating and that gives you big responsibilities on the team. It doesn’t matter how good you can be with a stick … you need to be mature to carry responsibility. [Being raised so quickly] you run out of opportunities. … I think the Handicap Committee should keep the young players close to the field instead of putting them on the side.”
Gracida said at the time, “They rushed him a little bit [by] putting him up to 6 goals, but nothing is going to stop this kid.”
Looking back Gracida was probably right—nothing seems to have stopped this kid. He is currently sporting an 8-goal handicap and keeps getting better. He continues to play professionally.

JULIO GRACIDA
3 goals

In 2002, Gracida played in and won several tournaments at a variety of levels including 16-, 18- and 22-goal when he was fresh out of junior polo. He was invited to play that summer with John Goodman’s Isla Carroll team in the three 20-goal tournaments that make up the Santa Barbara high-goal season, culminating with the Pacific Coast Open. However, Gracida, 14 years old at the time, was raised from A to 2 goals shortly before the season was to start, making the team handicap 21 goals, a goal higher than the upper handicap limit of the tournament. His handicap change was protested, and though the Handicap Committee decided to let the change stand, then-USPA Chairman Orrin Ingram granted an exemption, allowing the team to play as a 21-goal team if they gave the handicap differential to opposing teams. With Gracida, the team made it to the final of two out of three of the tournaments. In one tournament they lost the final by a goal in overtime.
Back then, Goodman said: “These handicap changes were just not fair. These handicap changes were made too close to the start of the tournaments. How can teams organize and prepare for tournament competition without the assurance that players will remain with a team?”
Though the team was temporarily inconvenienced, it doesn’t appear to have affected Gracida much. He was raised to 3 goals at the start of 2005 and has continued to play in numerous tournaments, including the latest 26-goal U.S. Open with the champion White Birch team.

ULYSSES ESCAPITE
3 goals

In 2004, at just 16 years old, Ulysses Escapite was given the opportunity to play in some 22-goal tournaments at International Polo Club in Wellington, Florida, with Scott Devon’s Catamount team. Having first registered with the USPA in 2003, it was his first high-goal tournament. But the opportunity was short-lived. Soon after winning the first tournament, the Joe Barry Memorial, the Handicap Committee raised him from A to 2-goals. Because of the higher handicap, he was replaced for the next tournament, and according to his brother, Pelon, lost his playing job for the next six months. Fortunately, things started looking up again when he was asked to play for Mike Hakan’s Duende team in the 20-goal series in Santa Barbara in July 2004. After, he was asked to play on the team representing Mexico in the FIP World Championship in France. He was raised to 3 goals for 2005. He played this summer in Dallas, Texas; Saratoga, New York; and Aiken, South Carolina.

PELON ESCAPITE
5 goals

Unlike Ulysses, his brother, Pelon had the benefit of being raised at the end of the year rather than in the midst of a playing job. Still, his handicap was first raised from 0 to 2 goals in 2001 and two years later from 2 to 4. He was hired by Scott Devon to play on Catamount in the 26-goal tournaments in Wellington in 2004 as a 4- goal player. The team did well, winning the C.V. Whitney and only losing in overtime of the semifinal of the U.S. Open.
Pelon believes the USPA should focus more on a player’s organization and consider if he is playing his own horses. “[Two goals] would be okay if you are on your own horses, [otherwise] it is difficult. [My brother and I] didn’t have horses. We got mounted by Carlos Gracida. Maybe if [the USPA] raised you one goal, but when they raise you two there is always a doubt [you will be able to play your new handicap] for the team hiring you. … Now that the USPA has two handicap changes a year, it is a lot more fair for the players. If you get raised but aren’t playing [to your handicap] you can be lowered in six months.”

 

ALAN MARTINEZ
4 goals

Martinez had been hired to play for six months in Santa Barbara, California, with Pat Nesbitt’s Windsor Capital team in 2002, first in the 12-goal and then the three 20-goal tournaments before finishing in Houston, Texas. But just days before the first 20-goal, his handicap was raised from 2 to 4 goals, at the same time as Gracida’s. Nesbitt protested the handicap change and was told the team could stay together if they gave the handicap differential. Martinez was not as lucky as Gracida. Martinez played the first match before the team decided to replace him with 2-goal Pablo Avalos. Martinez lost the remainder of his contract, while the team went on to win the Pacific Coast Open without him. Avalos was raised to 4 goals, but not before the end of the year.
After being raised Martinez said, “This ruined a lot of things. I don’t know if it would go as far as ruining my career, but it definitely put my career on hold for a long time. …” He was 20 years old at the time and expecting to make around $30,000 to $40,000 for the season. Instead he said, “I’m basically going to come out just a little bit ahead, just barely ahead, hopefully enough to get my mallets fixed and be able to start back on a normal basis instead of in the hole.”
Prior to the Santa Barbara season, Martinez had been playing in Tampa and had held a USPA handicap since 1995. He was going to play Nesbitt’s horses in the 20-goal but was raised before he could get a foot in the stirrup.
Martinez has continued to play professionally at his higher handicap, but he has had only one other opportunity to play high-goal polo since. His luck ran out then, too. He was involved in an accident with his truck and trailer prior to the start of the season and a few of his horses were killed while the rest were injured, keeping him on the sidelines once again. He still plays in medium- and low-goal polo.
Looking back, Martinez had this to say: “I was not given the opportunity to play in the high-goal level of polo at all, nor have I ever been able to. However, for a while I was the most popular player in the sport and even if they did not know how I played they knew who I was. Also, it was a different level of play for me that was a big jump to get used to. Being a 2- goal player you have two pros who can help you along the way. However, as a 4- goal player you have to carry your own and help to bring the other lower-rated players along, and that is a lot more responsibility.”
When asked if it is fair for teams to have to play against grossly underrated players, he said, “Not really, but it is part of the game, it is a competition.” When asked if young players should be given a break, even if they are playing better, he said, “The committee should take into account how it will affect a player. However, no one wants pity.”

MARTIN RAVINA
6 goals

The most recent player whose handicap was raised under the monster rule was this 20-year-old Argentine. Ravina has been a member of the USPA since 2002, when he began playing in California. He played there for three years before a friend of his told him he should move to the East Coast because “it is better polo, more people, more patrons and more jobs.” He found a job in Virginia and in the summer of 2004 packed up and moved East. That fall, he played in Aiken, and his team did well. “I had a good season in Aiken. We won … and everybody said, ‘Yes, you are underrated. You should be 5 goals.’ I was 5 goals in Argentina, [but] for here they didn’t raise me.”
Though he didn’t have a job for the winter, he took a chance and went to Florida with seven horses. He got a couple of playing jobs, including in the 14-goal Outback League. “When I was playing in the Outback League, nobody complained to me [that] I was underrated. …” Then Peter Brant was unable to play in a few of the 22-goal matches, so Ravina was asked to fill in. According to Mariano Aguerre, who plays for White Birch, “Peter didn’t come and we needed another 4-goaler. We wanted to use the 22-goal to get Peter ready. He wasn’t here so we might as well give this guy a chance. … He had a couple of horses of his own, and we got to save Peter’s horses, so that is basically why we [asked him to play].”
When Brant couldn’t make some 26-goal games, Ravina was again asked to fill in, and he was playing better and better. But the whole team was playing well, and their horses were showing well. Many thought it was the horse factor that made the difference for Ravina because he was playing White Birch horses. But according to Ravina he played most of his own horses. “In the 26 goal, I played four of mine and they gave me just two. Some spares were mine and some were White Birch’s.” Ravina and his teammates readily admit he was playing better than 4 goals. “My horses were doing well, so I think I was playing 5, 6 sometimes. Now that I am 6 goals I have to play at least 7 all of the time. I wouldn’t have any problem if they raised me to 5 and then at the end of the year 6 because they would be giving me more time for myself and it would be much better. But from 4 to 6 goals is hard.”
Ravina had invitations to play the summer in Greenwich, Long Island, Dallas and Saratoga before his handicap was raised, but he lost the opportunities. “I am just driving my truck and trailer and keeping horses.” It remains to be seen if he is able to maintain a 6-goal handicap, but few, if any, have doubts.
When asked if it would affect Ravina’s career negatively, White Birch teammate 10-goal Mariano Aguerre said, “That is up to him. He has the potential to get up there. He lost a couple of jobs, but hopefully he is going to get better. … He has the potential to do it.”

My View
By Kirsten Ludwig

If USPA officials think a player is playing so much better than he has in the very recent past and this is because of horses, as is often the case, then when a player returns to his old horses he should return to his old handicap. More often than not, the reason a player plays instantaneously better is because of a combination of conditions: horses, level of polo, and chemistry within the team, etc. that make a player improve so much in a very short period of time. When these conditions end the player will return to how he was playing before his rapid improvement; at that point his handicap should return to within one goal of what it was before a multiple goal increase in handicap.
Raise a player’s handicap for that tournament by two, but at the end of the tournament he should be dropped by at least 1 goal. Once these players are dropped again they are put into a special class where they are constantly observed. If they continue to play above their new handicap, then they can again be raised within that same handicapping period. This way they are being penalized for that time and they are moving up, but it is not so much of a jump that they are not able to recover from it in the end. This way it is fair for the other teams that have to play against them, and it does not permanently hurt the young player. As is the case in the Federation of International Polo in several cases, including 2000, the Federation of International Polo has seen fit to raise a player’s handicap for the tournament. In each case the player in question had not been seen by the rest of the players and their handicap was raised for that tournament. It did not affect his rating after this tournament, but for the tournament it made the playing field more level.
Also, there should be a measurable way to determine when a player is to be raised. A guideline that is not arguable to ensure that it is for the good of all the teams and not politics. The monster rule was designed to adjust the handicap of ringer players to keep the level of play fair, but the definition of a ringer is a player who has not been seen before. He is someone who was brought in at a certain handicap from another country and has not been proven at that handicap in this country. In the last several cases of the monster rule, however, all of the affected players had been playing in this country for years and had been seen by many people. The handicap system had not seen fit to raise them within the current and standardized handicapping criteria. Instead they were handicapped under a special procedure for handicapping players who had not been observed before. It would seem prudent that if a special procedure such as the monster rule is going to be used, then reasonable and enforceable criteria are implemented to uphold that special circumstance situation, and that special circumstance situation does not become a garbage can for other nonspecifically related circumstances.